What is the basic classification of fires based on materials involved?

The classification of fires based on the materials involved is categorized into Class A, B, C, D, and K fires. This system is widely recognized and helps firefighters identify the correct extinguishing agents and methods needed for different types of fires.

Class A fires involve ordinary combustibles such as wood, paper, and cloth. Class B fires are related to flammable liquids and gases like gasoline and oils. Class C fires involve energized electrical equipment, where the presence of electricity poses additional hazards. Class D fires are associated with combustible metals, such as magnesium and sodium, which require specific extinguishing techniques due to their unique burning characteristics. Finally, Class K fires pertain to cooking oils and fats typically found in commercial kitchens, and they require special agents like wet chemical extinguishers.

This classification is crucial for ensuring safety and effectiveness during firefighting operations, as it allows responders to quickly assess the situation and select appropriate firefighting tools and techniques. Recognizing these distinct categories enhances situational awareness and helps in preventing further hazards during fire suppression efforts.